CCNA Interview Question -11

CCNA: Cisco Certified Network Associate Study Guide

211 Identify 2 characteristics of PPP?

A.) Uses LLC to establish the link

B.) Default serial encapsulation

C.) Support multiple layer 3 protocols

D.) Offers two types of authentication; PAP and CHAP

Ans C D

PPP is not the default encapsulation and uses LCP not LLC to establish the link. It support multiple layer 3 protocols and supports authentication.

212 Identify 3 characteristics of a connection oriented protocol?

A.) Path determination

B.) Flow control

C.) Acknowledgements

D.) Uses hop count as metric

E.) 3 step handshake

Ans B C E

Connection oriented protocols must first establish the connection (3 step handshake), employ methods to acknowledge the receipt of data (acknowledgements) and slow down the flow of data if required (flow control).

213 What is the maximum hop count for IP RIP?

A.) Infinity

B.) 16

C.) 15

D.) 1

Ans C

15 is the maximum hop count, underscoring the size limitation of RIP.

214 What is Cisco's default encapsulation method on serial interfaces?

A.) ANSI

B.) Cisco

C.) Q933a

D.) HDLC

Ans D

Cisco's implementation of HDLC is only compatible with Cisco routers. It is the default encapsulation type for serial interfaces.

215 Which of the following is a characteristic of a switch, but not of a repeater?

A.) Switches forward packets based on the IPX or IP address in the frame

B.) Switches forward packets based on the IP address in the frame

C.) Switches forward packets based on the MAC address in the frame

D.) Switches forward packets based only on the IP address in the packet

Ans C

A repeater regenerates the signal it receives, a switch makes decisions based upon MAC addresses to determine whether a frame should be forwarded. Repeaters forward all packets.

216 Ping uses which Internet layer protocol?

A.) RARP

B.) ICMP

C.) ARP

D.) FTP

Ans B

Internet Control Message Protocol - ICMP is a management protocol and messaging service provider for IP. Its messages are carried as IP datagrams.

ICMP is used in the following events:

Destination Unreachable - If a router cannot send an IP packet any further, it uses an ICMP echo to send a message back to the sender notifying it that the remote node is unreachable.

Buffer Full - If a routers memory buffer is full ICMP will send out a message to the originator.

Hops - Each IP datagram is assigned a path. This consists of hops. If it goes through the maximum number of hops, the packet is discarded and the discarding router sends an ICMP echo to the host. 

Ping - Ping use ICMP echo message to check connectivity.

217 Which is true regarding store-and-forward switching method?

A.) Latency varies depending on frame-length

B.) Latency is constant

C.) It is default for all Cisco switches

D.) It only reads the destination hardware address before forwarding the frame

Ans A

Store-and-Forward switching copies the entire frame into its buffer and computes the CRC. If a CRC error is detected, the frame is discarded, or if the frame is a runt (less than 64 bytes including the CRC) or a giant (more than 1518 bytes including the CRC). The LAN switch then looks up the destination address in its switching table and determines the outgoing interface. The frame is then forwarded to the outgoing interface. Cisco Catalyst 5000 switches uses the Store-and-Forward method. The problem with Store-and-Forward switching is latency is increased. Latency also varies with the size of the frame. The larger the frame, the more latency associated. This of course is due to the fact that the entire frame is copied into its buffer before being forwarded.

218 Which three of the following are true statements about connection-oriented sessions?

A.) The segments delivered are acknowledged back to the sender upon their reception

B.) Any segments not acknowledged the are retransmitted by the receiver

C.) A manageable data flow is maintained in order to avoid congestion, overloading and loss of any data

D.) Segments are sequenced back into their proper order upon arrival at their destination

Ans A C D

Connection-oriented services are useful for transmitting data from applications that are intolerant of delays and packet re-sequencing. FTP and Telnet applications are based on connection-oriented services as well as some voice and video programs. Any segment that is not acknowledged by the received is retransmitted by the sender.

219 What does a metric of 16 hops represent when using RIP?

A.) Number of hops to the destination

B.) Destination unreachable

C.) Number of routers

D.) Bandwidth

Ans B

Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a distance vector routing protocol that used hop count as its metric. The maximum hop count is 15, 16 hops is considered unreachable. RIP updates are broadcast every 30 seconds by default. RIP has an administrative distance of 120.

220 You need to come up with a TCP/IP addressing scheme for your company. Which two factors must you consider when you define the subnet mask for the network?

A.) The location of DHCP servers

B.) The volume of traffic on each subnet

C.) The number of subnets on the network

D.) The location of the default gateway

E.) The number of host IDs on each subnet

CCNA: Cisco Certified Network Associate Study Guide

CCNA Interview Question -10

CCNA: Cisco Certified Network Associate Study Guide
190 Identify the purpose of the TCP 3 step handshake?
A.) Setup a un-reliable connection
B.) Initialize routing tables
C.) Synchronize sequence numbers between hosts
D.) Connection tear down process


Ans C
The 3 step handshake establishes the parameters required for a TCP connection. During the handshake process sequence numbers are synchronized allowing for the end points to properly acknowledge and re-assemble the segments.


191 Identify 2 PPP characteristics?
A.) Is proprietary to Cisco
B.) Supports authentication
C.) Support compression
D.) Run on a multi-access network


Ans B C
PPP supports authentication; PAP and CHAP. It also supports compression; Stacker and Predictor.


192 Which statement is true regarding half duplex?
A.) Only works in a point-to-point configuration
B.) Allows for transmitting and receiving but not a the same time
C.) Allow for transmitting and receiving of data simultaneously 
D.) Doubles the bandwidth


Ans B
Half duplex is analogous to a single a lane bridge, it can handle traffic in both directions but no at the same time.


193 Identify the purpose of the wildcard mask?
A.) Match a certain portion of the IP address while ignoring the rest of the address
B.) Determine the class of the IP address
C.) Determine the network portion of an IP address
D.) Hide the host portion of an IP address


Ans A
The purpose of the wildcard mask to match a certain portion of the IP address while ignoring the rest.


194 Identify the OSI layer associated with bits?
A.) Physical
B.) Network
C.) Binary
D.) Data link


Ans A
The Physical layer converts the frames to bits.


195 Identify the type of routing protocol that maintains a topological database of the network?
A.) Topological state
B.) Shortest Path First
C.) Link state
D.) Distance vector


Ans C
Link State routing protocols maintain a database that lists all the networks in the internetwork.


196 Identify the 3 major functions at layer 3 of the OSI model?
A.) Forwarding process
B.) Logical addressing
C.) End-to-end connections
D.) Path selection
E.) MAC address examination
F.) Network monitoring


Ans A B D
Layer 3 determines the path, forwards the packet and implements software or logical addressing.


197 Identify the 2 rules used when configuring a Distance Vector routing protocol?
A.) Physically connected network(s)
B.) Configure the classful address, no subnets
C.) Enable CDP so neighbors can be detected
D.) Configure all networks in Area0


Ans A B
When configuring a Distance Vector routing protocol only assign the physically connected networks with the classful address only.


198 Identify 3 characteristics of an IP address?
A.) Contains a network portion and a host portion
B.) 32 bits long
C.) Unique to each network
D.) Part of the default Cisco configuration
E.) Referred to as the hardware address


Ans A B C
An IP address is 32 bits long, it is referred as the logical or software address. It contains a network and host portion. Each IP address is unique.


199 Identify 3 feature of access-lists?
A.) Implicit deny will deny any packets not matched
B.) Processed sequentially from bottom to top
C.) Processed sequentially from top to bottom
D.) If a packet is denied it would be tested against the remaining statements in the access-list
E.) Once a match is made the packet is either denied or permitted
F.) Enabled on all interfaces by default


Ans A C E
Access-list are processed from top to bottom, once a match occurs the packet is either denied or permitted and is no longer tested and if no match occurs the packet is denied via the implicit deny.


200 Which OSI layer performs code conversion, code formatting and encryption?
A.) Physical
B.) Data-Link
C.) Application
D.) Transport
E.) Presentation
F.) Network


Ans E
Layer 6 the Presentation layers performs this function.
CCNA: Cisco Certified Network Associate Study Guide

CCNA Interview Question -9

CCNA: Cisco Certified Network Associate Study Guide: Exam 640-802

161 What is the purpose of ARP?

A.) IP to host name resolution

B.) Host name to IP address resolution

C.) Mac to IP address resolution

D.) IP to Mac address resolution

Ans D

Address Resolution Protocol resolves the MAC address if the IP address is known. It is a layer 3 protocol.

162 Which OSI layer establishes, maintains and terminates sessions between hosts?

A.) Application

B.) Physical

C.) Data-Link

D.) Presentation

E.) Network

F.) Session

Ans F

Layer 5 the Session layer performs this function.

163 Which statement is true regarding Administrative distance?

A.) It is a metric

B.) Number of hops between two routers

C.) Trustworthiness of the routing information

D.) RIP Administrative distance is 100

Ans C

Administrative distance is rating of trustworthiness of the routing information. The lower the AD the better the information.

164 Identify the purpose of the Ping command?

A.) Share routing information with a neighbor router

B.) Transmit user data when buffers are full

C.) Test connectivity at layer 3

D.) Test entire protocol stack

Ans C

The ping command tests layer 3 connectivity.

165 Identify the order of the 5 step encapsulation?

1. Create the segment 

2. Convert the frame to bits 

3. Create the packet 

4. Create the frame 

5. User creates the data

A.) 1,2,4,2,5

B.) 2,1,3,4,5

C.) 5,1,3,4,2

D.) 5,3,4,1,2

Ans C

Cisco 5 step encapsulation. 

1) User creates Data

2) Data is converted into a segment at layer 4

3) The segment is converted to packet at layer 3

4) The packet it converted into a frame at layer 2

5) The frame is converted into bits at layer 1

166 The Cisco IOS is stored where?

A.) ROM

B.) CD

C.) Flash

D.) NVRAM

Ans C

By default the Cisco IOS is stored in flash.

167 Sequence and acknowledgement numbers are used for?

A.) Layer transitioning

B.) Flow control

C.) Port number addressing

D.) Reliability

Ans D

TCP uses sequence numbers and acknowledgements to implement reliability.

168 Identify IPX GNS and it's purpose?

A.) Go Network Server - sends a print job to a network server

B.) Get Nearest Server - locate the nearest server

C.) Guaranteed Network Services - allocates resources to users

D.) Get Notes Server - locates Domino Server

Ans B

GNS stands for Get Nearest Server, initiated by a workstation.

169 Identify the true statement regarding subnetting?

A.) Allows for more host address

B.) Borrow bits from the network portion of the address

C.) Allows for unlimited number of networks

D.) Borrow bits from the host portion of the address

Ans D

Subnetting involves borrowing bits for the host portion of the address to be used to subnet addressing.

170 Inverse ARP serves what purpose?

A.) Method for a local router to introduce itself to the remote end of the connection

B.) Broadcast a routing table update

C.) Identify MAC addresses if the IP address is known

D.) Sent every 10 seconds used to verify the Frame Switch is still active

Ans A

Inverse ARP operates in a Frame Relay network so the two end points can identify themselves to each other.

CCNA: Cisco Certified Network Associate Study Guide: Exam 640-802

CCNA Interview Question -8

CCNA Official Exam Certification Library (Exam 640-802), Third Edition (Containing ICND1 and ICND2 Second Edition Exam Certification Guides)
141 LMI operates between the Frame Switch and what other device?
A.) CPE device
B.) Another Frame Switch
C.) X.25 switch
D.) Novell File Server


Ans A
LMI stands for local management interface. It operates between the Frame Relay switch and the customer equipment.


142 Identify IPX SAP and it's purpose?
A.) Sonet Access Pipe - interface to Sonet ring
B.) Service Advertising Protocol - advertise services
C.) Server Appletalk Protocol - appletalk directory services
D.) Service Access Point - identify upper layer protocols


Ans B
SAP is an Novell protocol to advertise services.


143 Identify the default values that make up IGRP's composite metric?
A.) Bandwidth
B.) Load
C.) Reliability
D.) MTU
E.) Delay


Ans A E
IGRP can be configured to use all 5 within it's metric. By default it uses bandwidth and delay.


144 Identify the default serial encapsulation?
A.) ISDN
B.) HDLC
C.) SDLC
D.) Frame Relay
E.) PPP


Ans B
The default serial encapsulation is HDLC.


145 Identify the purpose of ARP?
A.) Avoiding routing loops
B.) Determining a workstation's IP address
C.) Sending a directed broadcast
D.) Determining a workstation's MAC address


Ans D
ARP is used to find a devices MAC address given an IP address.


146 What is the purpose of the DLCI?
A.) Identifies the remote routers
B.) Contained with a 802.2 frame for routing purposes
C.) Used with PPP during authentication
D.) Identifies the PVC in a Frame Relay network


Ans D
DLCI stands for Data Link Connection Identifier. It identifies the local PVC.


147 Identify 3 characteristics of the Network layer (OSI layer 3)?
A.) Connection oriented
B.) Path determination
C.) Supports multiplexing
D.) Manages sessions
E.) Packet forwarding


Ans B C E
The network layer is responsible for routing which entails learning the paths, selecting the best path and forwarding the packet. Because it services multiple layer 4 protocols it multiplexes.


148 Identify 3 characteristics of switches?
A.) Increase available bandwidth
B.) Decrease broadcast traffic
C.) Support full duplex in a multipoint topology
D.) Make forwarding decision using MAC address
E.) Create collision domains


Ans A D E
Switches operate at layer 2. They increase bandwidth by reducing the number of devices sharing the media. They isolate collisions. Like a bridge they forward traffic based upon layer 2 address/ MAC address.


149 Which OSI layer handles physical address, network topology?
A.) Presentation
B.) Physical
C.) Transport
D.) Application
E.) Data-Link
F.) Network


Ans E
Layer 2 the Data-Link layer performs this function.


150 Identify 2 reasons for disabling CDP?
A.) If the router is not configured for RIP
B.) Save bandwidth by eliminating overhead
C.) If the router is configured for Appletalk
D.) When connected to a non-Cisco router


Ans B D
CDP can be disabled here are a couple of reasons. Connecting a Cisco router to a non-Cisco router. Don't want to exchange CDP information to save bandwidth.
CCNA Official Exam Certification Library (Exam 640-802), Third Edition (Containing ICND1 and ICND2 Second Edition Exam Certification Guides)

CCNA Interview Question -7

CCNA: Cisco Certified Network Associate Study Guide
120 Identify the access-list range for an extended IP access-list?
A.) 800 - 899
B.) 1 - 99
C.) 1000 - 1099
D.) 100 - 199


Ans D
IP extended access-lists use the number range of 100-199.


121 Identify the X.25 addressing standard?
A.) X.121
B.) X.25a
C.) ITU-1
D.) Q933a


Ans A
The X.25 layer 3 addressing standards is X.121.


122 Identify 3 features of IGRP?
A.) Composite metric
B.) New horizon
C.) Flash updates
D.) 60 periodic updates
E.) Poison reverse


Ans A C E
IGRP uses a composite metric made up of bandwidth and delay by default, it updates every 60 seconds and will trigger an update if the topology changes.


123 Where is the backup configuration file stored?
A.) RAM
B.) ROM
C.) Console
D.) NVRAM


Ans D
One location to store the backup configuration is NVRAM.


124 Identify the correct pair of Novell Ethernet encapsulation and Cisco terminology?
A.) Ethernet II, Snap
B.) Ethernet 802.3, Novell-Ether
C.) Ethernet SNAP, Arpa
D.) Ethernet 802.2, Snap


Ans B
The default IPX LAN encapsulation is Novell-Ether which is 802.3


125 Identify 3 characteristics regarding IP access-lists?
A.) Can be configured as a standard access-list
B.) Can be run from another router running IP
C.) Can be configured as a named access-list
D.) Are the same as IPX access-lists
E.) Can be configured as an extended access-list


Ans A C E
There are 3 types of IP access-lists; standard, extended and named. Named access-lists can be either standard or extended depending on how they are configured.


126 Identify 3 ways in which a router can be configured?
A.) TFTP
B.) Nvram
C.) Ping
D.) Console
E.) Trace


Ans A B D
Changes to the configuration can be entered via the console, a config stored in NVRAM or on a TFTP server. Trace and ping are tools to verify connectivity.


127 A traffic light is an example of what type of mechanism?
A.) Collision detection
B.) Flow control
C.) Sequence numbering
D.) Network management


Ans B
A Traffic light is an example of flow control.


128 Windowing is a type of?
A.) Negative acknowledgement
B.) Address resolution
C.) Layer transition mechanism
D.) Flow control


Ans D
Windowing allow the sender and receiver to dictate how much information that can be received prior to an acknowledgement. It is a form of flow control.


129 Identify the 2 types of access-list filters that control SAP traffic?
A.) Novell-ether
B.) Arpa
C.) Input-sap-filter
D.) Round-robin
E.) Output-sap-filter


Ans C E
SAP's can be blocked by 2 methods; inbound and outbound.


130 Identify the 3 guidelines for routers in the same autonomous system?
A.) Must be configured for IGRP or RIP
B.) Interconnected
C.) Assigned the same autonomous system number
D.) Configured for the same routing protocol
E.) Must be same model of router


Ans B C D
Autonomous system must be interconnected, assigned the same AS # and configured with the same routing protocol.
CCNA: Cisco Certified Network Associate Study Guide: Exam 640-802